The Three Job Layers
Also known as: Three Job Layers
The functional, emotional, and social dimensions that together define any complete job to be done.
The Three Job Layers is the JTBDUX framework for understanding the full depth of any job. The functional layer is what the user needs to accomplish (the task, the output, the result). The emotional layer is how the user wants to feel while doing it (competent, creative, safe). The social layer is how the user wants to be perceived by others (innovative, professional, authoritative). Products that solve all three layers are difficult to replace. Products that solve only the functional layer are commodities. The three layers explain why users stick with inferior functional tools: the emotional and social jobs those tools serve are harder to replicate.